Across Iraq, threats and incidents of GBV against women and girls persist, particularly sexual violence, intimate partner violence, family violence, sexual exploitation, harassment and early and forced marriage. Further, women and girls have been disproportionately impacted by the conflict, and continue to be targeted with  sexual violence, honor killing, intimate partner violence, and trafficking. Even before the recent emergencies, GBV was widespread in Iraq and fears of harassment and stigmatization, including honour killing, remain major barriers to seeking services and justice for GBV survivors. Incidents of GBV take place within the context of patterns of power and control and the violence is underpinned and made possible by gender inequality, economic dependence, and at the root – a system of male patriarchy and women’s subordination.